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Faust (Spohr)
''Faust'' is an opera by the German composer Louis Spohr. The libretto, by Josef Karl Bernard, is based on the legend of Faust; it is not influenced by Goethe's Faust, though ''Faust: The First Part of the Tragedy'' had been published in 1808. Instead, Carl Bernard's libretto draws mainly on Faust plays and poems by Maximilian Klinger and Heinrich von Kleist.〔Carl Bernard's libretto draws mainly on Faust plays and poems by Maximilian Klinger and Heinrich von Kleist., in ''Opera News'' October 1995 (review of Bielefeld Philharmonic Orchestra recording of the two versions).〕 Spohr's ''Faust'' is an important work in the history of German Romantic opera.
==Performance history==
Spohr had left his court appointment at Gotha and taken up a post in Vienna at the Theater An der Wien, which had recently been purchased by Count Ferdinand Palffy von Erdöd. He composed the opera in less than four months, May to September 1813〔Joseph Bennett, excerpts from Spohr's memoirs, "The Great Composers, Sketched by Themselves. No. VII. Spohr (Continued)" ''The Musical Times and Singing Class Circular'', 21 (August 1, 1880)., pp.394.〕 but had difficulties with count Palffy that interfered with getting it staged in Vienna. Though he took the manuscript score privately to Giacomo Meyerbeer, who played it, with Spohr singing— supplementing his vocal range by whistling— it was not until Carl Maria von Weber took an interest in the score that it received its premiere. Weber conducted the first performance of ''Faust'' at the Ständetheater, Prague on 1 September 1816. Meyerbeer introduced it at Berlin.
In its original form, the opera was a ''Singspiel'' in two acts. In 1851, Spohr turned the piece into a grand opera in three acts, replacing the spoken dialogue with recitative. This "version (in an Italian translation) received its premiere at the Royal Italian Opera, Covent Garden, London on 15 July 1852.〔A steel engraving of the duel scene was featured on the cover of the ''Illustrated London News Supplement'', 31 July 1852.〕 The Bielefeld Opera rediscovered ''Faust'' in 1993 in the first staged production world-wide since 1931. Conducted by Geoffrey Moull and directed by Matthias Oldag, the opera was given 8 performances and subsequently recorded for CPO.〔Theater in Bielefeld 1975-1998, Kerber Verlag, Bielefeld, Redaktion Heidi Wiese, Heiner Bruns, Alexander Gruber, Fritz Stockmeier 1998, ISBN 3-933040-03-5〕
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